<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rak\u0131m \u00c7alapala\u2019n\u0131n 87 O\u011fuz<\/em> adl\u0131 eseri, T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuk edebiyat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan ve Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7ocuk roman\u0131d\u0131r. 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bu kitap, ilkokul d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisi O\u011fuz\u2019un hayat\u0131n\u0131 merkeze alarak, onun yoksullukla m\u00fccadele ederken zekas\u0131, azmi ve dayan\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 ruhuyla nas\u0131l bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini anlat\u0131r. Cumhuriyetin 10. y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde bas\u0131lan eser, d\u00f6nemin e\u011fitim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin idealist ruhunu ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serer. Mar\u015flar, m\u00fcsamereler, okul gezileri ve dayan\u0131\u015fma temalar\u0131, okuyucular\u0131 adeta o d\u00f6nemin okul g\u00fcnlerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u015eimdi, O\u011fuz\u2019un hikayesine derinlemesine bir yolculukla ba\u015flayal\u0131m ve bu e\u015fsiz eserin detaylar\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ke\u015ffedelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hikaye, \u0130stanbul\u2019un Fatih semtinde, eski bir sokakta ya\u015fayan yoksul bir ailenin evinde ba\u015flar. Sabah\u0131n erken saatlerinde \u00e7alar saat \u00e7alar; ancak bu ses, evin ya\u015fl\u0131 annesi Hanife Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131 tatl\u0131 uykusundan uyand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, daha \u00e7ok 10 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki O\u011fuz\u2019u okul g\u00fcn\u00fcne haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7indir. Hanife Han\u0131m, y\u0131llar\u0131n yorgunlu\u011funu omuzlar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131yan, ge\u00e7im derdiyle bo\u011fu\u015fan bir kad\u0131nd\u0131r. Kocas\u0131 Hamdi Bey ise ya\u015fl\u0131, fakir ve okuma yazma bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duyan bir babad\u0131r. O\u011fuz, bu ailenin tek \u00e7ocu\u011fudur; k\u0131sa pantolonu yamal\u0131, siyah ceketi solmu\u015f ve kollar\u0131 k\u0131salm\u0131\u015f olsa da, onun g\u00f6zlerinde \u00f6\u011frenme a\u015fk\u0131 ve ne\u015fe parlar. Bug\u00fcn, d\u00f6rt ayl\u0131k tatilin ard\u0131ndan okuluna geri d\u00f6nece\u011fi i\u00e7in heyecanl\u0131d\u0131r. Annesi, her zamankinin aksine ona kahvalt\u0131 haz\u0131rlar: bir par\u00e7a ekmek, biraz peynir ve \u00e7ay. Babas\u0131 ise ona nasihatlerde bulunur: \u201cO\u011flum, oku, adam ol, bizim gibi cahil kalma.\u201d O\u011fuz, yeni defter ve kitap alamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilse de i\u00e7inden bir s\u00f6z verir: \u201cBu sene \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n O\u011fuz, evinden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p modern caddeye do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcrken, i\u015fe giden i\u015f\u00e7ilerin tersine ne\u015felidir. \u0130lkokul birinci s\u0131n\u0131fta \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi bir \u015fark\u0131y\u0131 m\u0131r\u0131ldan\u0131r: \u201cTral-lal-lam, tral-lal-lam! Selam ver, selam ver!\u201d Okulun kap\u0131s\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bah\u00e7e \u00e7ocuklarla doludur. Arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr; baz\u0131lar\u0131 tatilde b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk ders zili \u00e7alar ve O\u011fuz, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ko\u015far. S\u0131n\u0131fta 48 \u00f6\u011frenci vard\u0131r; tahta eski, s\u0131ralar y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f ama atmosfer s\u0131cakt\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretmenleri Nezihe Han\u0131m, titiz, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i ve bilgili bir kad\u0131nd\u0131r. \u0130lk ders, genellikle bir sohbet havas\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Nezihe Han\u0131m, \u00e7ocuklara yeni ders y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yler ve her birine sevgi dolu g\u00f6zlerle bakar. O\u011fuz, \u00f6\u011fretmeninin bu bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7 al\u0131r; Nezihe Han\u0131m, onun g\u00f6z\u00fcndeki \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 fark eden nadir insanlardan biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O\u011fuz, okuldan eve d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, evde yine az yemek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Annesi, \u00f6zenle yemek haz\u0131rlamaz; kalan bir par\u00e7a yeme\u011fe ekmek band\u0131r\u0131p \u00fcst\u00fcne su i\u00e7er ve karn\u0131n\u0131 doyurur. Odas\u0131, sabah b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibidir; yata\u011f\u0131 toplanmam\u0131\u015f, e\u015fyalar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kt\u0131r. Yorgunluktan ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yast\u0131\u011fa koyar koymaz uyuyakal\u0131r. G\u00fcnler ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, O\u011fuz\u2019un okula olan sevgisi artar. Art\u0131k saat kurmadan uyan\u0131r; sabahlar\u0131 ko\u015farak okula gider. Ancak bir sorun vard\u0131r: Nezihe Han\u0131m, \u00e7ocuklara defter ve kitap almalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. O\u011fuz, bu iste\u011fi ailesine iletti\u011finde a\u011flar, yalvar\u0131r ama ailesinin durumu bellidir. Babas\u0131, \u201cParam\u0131z yok evlad\u0131m,\u201d der; annesi ise duymazdan gelir. O\u011fuz, her sene oldu\u011fu gibi bu sene de yeni kitap alamaz. Ama pes etmez; arkada\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 al\u0131r, eski defterlerini kullan\u0131r ve derslerini aksatmamak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okulun ilk haftalar\u0131 ge\u00e7erken, bir g\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131fa yeni bir \u00f6\u011frenci gelir. \u015e\u0131k giyimli bir kad\u0131n, yan\u0131nda s\u00fcs bebe\u011fine benzeyen zay\u0131f bir \u00e7ocukla m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn odas\u0131na girer. Kad\u0131n, zengin bir t\u00fcccar\u0131n e\u015fidir; i\u015fleri gere\u011fi bu semte ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7ocu\u011funun narin oldu\u011funu, yaramazlarla arkada\u015fl\u0131k etmemesi gerekti\u011fini tembih eder. Nezihe Han\u0131m, bu yeni \u00f6\u011frenciyi s\u0131n\u0131fa getirir ve O\u011fuz\u2019un yan\u0131na oturtur. \u00c7ocu\u011fun ad\u0131 Selim\u2019dir; mavi g\u00f6zl\u00fc, kumral sa\u00e7l\u0131, bak\u0131ml\u0131 ve \u00fcrkek bir \u00e7ocuktur. Selim, O\u011fuz\u2019a hi\u00e7 benzemez; hasta olmaktan korkar, oyun oynamaz ve her \u00f6\u011flen hizmet\u00e7isi ona bolca yemek yedirir. \u0130lk ba\u015fta \u00e7ocuklar Selim\u2019e merakla bakar, ama dersleri zay\u0131f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca bu sihir bozulur. O\u011fuz, Selim\u2019i sevmez; \u201cBu \u00e7ocuk \u00e7ok s\u00fcsl\u00fc,\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ancak Nezihe Han\u0131m, Selim\u2019i O\u011fuz\u2019un yan\u0131na oturtarak bir \u015feyler planlar gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00fcnler ilerledik\u00e7e, O\u011fuz ve Selim aras\u0131nda beklenmedik bir ili\u015fki geli\u015fir. Selim, derslerde zorlan\u0131rken O\u011fuz ona yard\u0131m eder. Bir g\u00fcn tahtaya kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sorular\u0131 cevaplayamayan Selim\u2019e, O\u011fuz f\u0131s\u0131ldayarak do\u011frular\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Selim, ilk ba\u015fta \u00e7ekingen olsa da O\u011fuz\u2019un samimiyetine kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalamaz. O\u011fuz, yaramaz ama zeki bir \u00e7ocuktur; derslerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r ve arkada\u015flar\u0131na destek olmay\u0131 sever. Selim ise zenginli\u011fine ra\u011fmen yaln\u0131zd\u0131r; annesinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 korumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 onu zay\u0131f ve p\u0131s\u0131r\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nezihe Han\u0131m, bu iki farkl\u0131 d\u00fcnyadan gelen \u00e7ocu\u011fu bir araya getirerek bir ders vermek ister: \u201cMektep, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131d\u0131r. Burada herkes e\u015fittir.\u201d O\u011fuz, Selim\u2019e okulun ne\u015fesini, oyunlar\u0131n g\u00fczelli\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretirken, Selim de O\u011fuz\u2019a sabr\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hikayede, Cumhuriyet Bayram\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. Okul, 29 Ekim\u2019i kutlamak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklar mar\u015flar s\u00f6yler, m\u00fcsamereler d\u00fczenler. Nezihe Han\u0131m, \u00f6\u011frencilerini Taksim Cumhuriyet An\u0131t\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. O\u011fuz, an\u0131t\u0131 ilk kez g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve b\u00fcy\u00fclenir. Arkada\u015flar\u0131yla \u015fiirler okur, mar\u015flar s\u00f6yler; bu gezi, onun vatan sevgisini peki\u015ftirir. Selim ise kalabal\u0131kta \u00fcrkek durur, ama O\u011fuz\u2019un elini tutmas\u0131yla kendini g\u00fcvende hisseder. Geziden d\u00f6nen \u00e7ocuklar, s\u0131n\u0131fta bir program haz\u0131rlar. O\u011fuz, \u015fiir okurken Selim\u2019e sahneye \u00e7\u0131kma cesareti verir. Bu etkinlik, iki \u00e7ocu\u011fun dostlu\u011funu daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okul y\u0131l\u0131 ilerledik\u00e7e, O\u011fuz\u2019un azmi dikkat \u00e7eker. Defterleri eski, kalemi t\u00fckenmi\u015f olsa da derslerden geri kalmaz. Nezihe Han\u0131m, O\u011fuz\u2019un \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 fark eder ve ona eski bir defter hediye eder. Bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck jest, O\u011fuz\u2019un motivasyonunu art\u0131r\u0131r. Selim ise O\u011fuz\u2019un etkisiyle de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flar; oyunlara kat\u0131l\u0131r, daha cesur olur. Ancak Selim\u2019in annesi, o\u011flunun \u201cyaramazlarla\u201d vakit ge\u00e7irdi\u011fini duyunca okula gelir ve Nezihe Han\u0131m\u2019a sitem eder. \u00d6\u011fretmen, sakince cevap verir: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetini y\u00fckseltecek olanlar, at\u0131lgan ve cesur gen\u00e7lerdir. Selim\u2019in zay\u0131f kalmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyiz.\u201d Bu s\u00f6zler, d\u00f6nemin e\u011fitim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u0131l sonu yakla\u015f\u0131r. O\u011fuz, her g\u00fcn daha \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; babas\u0131n\u0131n \u201cadam ol\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc unutmaz. S\u0131navlar gelir \u00e7atar; O\u011fuz, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda birinci olur. Selim ise O\u011fuz\u2019un yard\u0131m\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7er. Son g\u00fcn, Nezihe Han\u0131m s\u0131n\u0131fta bir konu\u015fma yapar: \u201cHepiniz T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocu\u011fusunuz. Kalbinizde ve bacaklar\u0131n\u0131zda kuvvet var. Bu \u00fclkeyi sizler y\u00fckselteceksiniz.\u201d O\u011fuz, bu s\u00f6zlerle gurur duyar. Eve d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, annesi ve babas\u0131 onun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kutlar. Selim\u2019in ailesi ise ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r; ama O\u011fuz\u2019la vedala\u015f\u0131rken, \u201cSen benim en iyi arkada\u015f\u0131ms\u0131n,\u201d der. Hikaye, O\u011fuz\u2019un hem kendini hem de \u00e7evresini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir kahraman olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle sona erer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 87 O\u011fuz<\/em>, Rak\u0131m \u00c7alapala\u2019n\u0131n Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklara verdi\u011fi mesajlarla dolu bir eseridir. Yoksullu\u011fa ra\u011fmen azimle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan O\u011fuz, dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ve e\u011fitimin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc temsil eder. Nezihe Han\u0131m\u2019\u0131n idealistli\u011fi, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin ruhunu yans\u0131t\u0131r. Mar\u015flar, geziler ve m\u00fcsamereler, Cumhuriyetin co\u015fkusunu \u00e7ocuk g\u00f6z\u00fcnden aktar\u0131r. Bu roman, sadece bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun hikayesi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir ulusun gelece\u011fe olan inanc\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 87 O\u011fuz (Rak\u0131m \u00c7alapala) – Geni\u015f ve \u00d6zg\u00fcn Kitap \u00d6zeti Rak\u0131m \u00c7alapala\u2019n\u0131n 87 O\u011fuz adl\u0131 eseri, T\u00fcrk \u00e7ocuk edebiyat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan ve Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7ocuk roman\u0131d\u0131r. 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bu kitap, ilkokul d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisi O\u011fuz\u2019un hayat\u0131n\u0131 merkeze alarak, onun yoksullukla m\u00fccadele ederken zekas\u0131, azmi ve dayan\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 ruhuyla nas\u0131l … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1166,1150,1185,1184,1183,1186,1157,1135,928,1151,1177,1159,1171,919,1013,1174,1002,1164,987,996,1155,1172,1169,1168,998,1158,1167,988,147,1001,1162,1161,1153,1033,1165,1152,1173,1163,997,1149,1182,1181,1180,1179,1154,995,1170,1160,1032,1178,917,1176,1014,1048,1000,1175,1156],"class_list":["post-891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel-dokumanlar","tag-1933-edebiyati","tag-87-oguz","tag-87-oguz-genis-ozet","tag-87-oguz-genis-ozeti","tag-87-oguz-kitap-ozeti","tag-87-oguz-ozet","tag-azim","tag-cocuk-gozunden-dunya","tag-cocuk-kahraman","tag-cocuk-romani","tag-cocuk-romani-ozeti","tag-cumhuriyet-bayrami","tag-cumhuriyet-coskusu","tag-cumhuriyet-donemi","tag-dayanisma","tag-dayanismaci-ruh","tag-detayli-ozet","tag-dostluk","tag-edebiyat-ozeti","tag-edebiyat-severler","tag-egitim","tag-egitim-anlayisi","tag-hamdi-bey","tag-hanife-hanim","tag-hikaye-analizi","tag-ilkokul-hikayesi","tag-istanbul-fatih","tag-kitap-incelemesi","tag-kitap-ozeti","tag-kitap-tanitimi","tag-marslar","tag-musamereler","tag-nezihe-hanim","tag-nostalji","tag-ogretmen-ideali","tag-oguz-karakteri","tag-okul-anilari","tag-okul-hayati","tag-okuma-onerisi","tag-rakim-calapala","tag-rakim-calapala-87-oguz-genis-ozet","tag-rakim-calapala-87-oguz-genis-ozeti","tag-rakim-calapala-87-oguz-kitap-ozet","tag-rakim-calapala-87-oguz-kitap-ozeti","tag-selim","tag-seo-uyumlu-ozet","tag-sinif-birincisi","tag-taksim-gezisi","tag-turk-cocuk-edebiyati","tag-turk-cocuk-kahramanlari","tag-turk-edebiyati","tag-turk-egitimi","tag-turk-klasikleri","tag-turk-kulturu","tag-turk-yazarlar","tag-vatan-sevgisi","tag-yoksulluk"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/891","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=891"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/891\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=891"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=891"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-dokuman.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}